The 12th International Conference on Translation (PPA) is a biennial conference which was held for the first time held in 1984 through the initiatives of the Malaysian Translators Association (MTA) and Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), with the awareness that translation is crucial in knowledge transfer. Translation is a prime knowledge communication medium to develop one’s country, particularly in this borderless world. Therefore this international conference aims to nurture the exchange of ideas, knowledge and experience, and simultaneously encourage cooperation between scholars, language experts, translators, writers, publishers, editors, educators and students internationally.